This considerably sobers his earlier optimism about human possibilities and potentials, guided by an actively engaged social science. The theory presented now in his mature work has come to a more clear understanding of the element of the darker side, the side of human nature which is evil and vicious.
That is, as a social scientist in the tradition of Rousseau, he was dedicated to the view that human nature is essentially neutral or good and that it is corrupted by the social environment. It is also important to note that Becker also announces in his Preface that he now recognizes the fact that in his earlier work, he had slighted the underside of human nature. He also has come to terms with Freud and Freudian theory, meaning that he is now able to deal appreciatively with what psychoanalysis has contributed with this general theory of human nature.
In this book, Becker begins his presentation of what he confidently feels is a unified and well rounded general theory of human nature. This book represents the first of Becker's final trilogy, what can be considered his mature theoretical work.
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